Cognitive Dysfunction in Senior Dogs

While older dogs may move a bit more slowly and get a little gray around the muzzle, they shouldn't experience a complete change in personality. A dog that suddenly seems confused, distant, or lost may be showing signs of cognitive dysfunction. Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (or CDS) is a degeneration of the brain and the nervous system in dogs. It results in a deterioration of cognitive abilities, causing behavioral changes that can disrupt the lives of pets and the families that care for them. Studies have shown that roughly 60% of dogs 11-16 years old will show some symptoms of CDS. So how can you tell if a dog is showing signs of CDS or if she's just getting older? Watch for her to start showing some of the following behaviors: withdrawing from interaction with the family, staring at walls or into space, sleeping more during the day or less at night, house soiling, pacing or wandering aimlessly, frequent trembling or shaking, ignoring known commands, or having trouble finding the door or standing at the hinge side of the door.
If you see these behaviors in your dog, tell your veterinarian--she may be able to help. If she suspects CDS, your veterinarian can take a thorough behavior and medical history of your dog. She can also perform a physical and neurological exam and blood and urine tests to rule out other conditions that could cause these symptoms, such as hypothyroidism, kidney problems, arthritis, and hearing and vision loss. Once she's ruled out any underlying diseases, you can discuss treatment. Unfortunately, there is no cure for CDS, but there is increasing hope. A specialized diet high in antioxidants has improved this syndrome in some dogs. There is also a supplement available that improves the brain’s ability to transmit messages. Your veterinarian can help you decide which approach is right for your dog.