The Diabetic Pet

Dogs and cats can develop diabetes. This disease is seen on a fairly regular basis, usually in pets 5 years of age or older and can be associated with obesity. Simply put, diabetes is a failure of the pancreas to regulate blood sugar. The pancreas is a small but vital organ that is located near the stomach. It has two significant populations of cells. One group of cells produces the enzymes necessary for proper digestion. The other group, called beta cells, produces the hormone called insulin. The role of insulin is much like that of a gatekeeper: it stands at the surface of body cells and opens the door, allowing glucose to leave the blood stream and pass into the cells. Glucose is a vital substance that provides much of the energy needed for life, and it must work inside the cells. Without an adequate amount of insulin, glucose is unable to get into the cells. It accumulates in the blood, setting in motion a series of events that can ultimately prove fatal.

There are two kinds of diabetes, commonly referred to as Type I and Type II. With the Type I variety, or Insulin Dependent Diabetes, the animal’s insulin-secreting beta cells fail to release enough insulin. Type II, or Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes, is different because some insulin-producing cells remain. But, the amount produced is insufficient, and there is a delayed response in secreting it, and the tissues of the pets’ body are relatively resistant to it. Regardless of type, the most common signs of diabetes are: increased thirst, frequent urination, increased appetite, and/or weight loss. Complications associated with the disease include cataracts and urinary infections. Another complication that can arise when the pet is being treated with insulin is hypoglycemia or low blood sugar; if severe, it may be fatal. Pets can live long, healthy lives when diabetes is diagnosed and treated effectively. Consult with us at Hillsboro Veterinary Clinic to determine the best treatment for your pet. We are located at 142 SW Baseline Street. Call (503) 648-4117 for an appointment. We will be happy to help you.